Hub is a networking device which operates on physical layer of the OSI(open system interconnection) model whereas switch is also a networking device but it operates on data link layer of the OSI model .Hub is purely hardware but switch is a device which is the combination of both software and hardware.Hub supports broadcast transmission whereas switch supports Unicast, multicast and broardcast transmission .Hub is having single collision domain whereas Every port of Switch is separate collision domain.Transmission mode of hub is half-duplex whereas transmission mode of switch is full-duplex.Hub can do only forwarding whereas Switch can be able to do both forwarding and filtering.Hub can't store MAC (media access control) address where as switch stores MAC address.
TCP/IP stands for Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol.TCP is a transport layer protocol and IP is a network layer protocol .TCP and IP both are different protocol but by the help of these two protocol ,TCP/IP model was developed.TCP/IP model defines how data is transferred from one computer to another.When two devices communicates with each other through the help of internet ,it is possible only for TCP/IP model .The TCP/IP model consists of 4 layers.These are :- (1) Application layer:- -This layer performs the function of the top three layer of the OSI model,i.e.Application layer , presentation layer and session layer . -The application layer is the top-most layer of the TCP/IP model. -The application layer provides the user with the interface to communication. -There are several protocols used by the application layer for interaction such as:FTP,HTTP, SMTP,DNS,TELNET etc. -The application layer sends data to transpo...
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